Changes between Version 2 and Version 3 of WikiMacros


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Timestamp:
04/22/15 15:11:43 (10 years ago)
Author:
trac
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  • WikiMacros

    v2 v3  
    1 = Trac Macros =
     1= Trac Macros
    22
    33[[PageOutline]]
    44
    5 Trac macros are plugins to extend the Trac engine with custom 'functions' written in Python. A macro inserts dynamic HTML data in any context supporting WikiFormatting.
     5Trac macros are plugins to extend the Trac engine with custom 'functions' written in Python. A macro inserts dynamic HTML data in any context supporting WikiFormatting. Its syntax is `[[macro-name(optional-arguments)]]`.
    66
    7 Another kind of macros are WikiProcessors. They typically deal with alternate markup formats and representation of larger blocks of information (like source code highlighting).
     7The WikiProcessors are another kind of macros. They typically deal with alternate markup formats and transformation of larger "blocks" of information, like source code highlighting. They are used for processing the multiline `{{{#!wiki-processor-name ... }}}` blocks.
    88
    9 == Using Macros ==
    10 Macro calls are enclosed in two ''square brackets''. Like Python functions, macros can also have arguments, a comma separated list within parentheses.
     9== Using Macros
    1110
    12 Trac macros can also be written as TracPlugins. This gives them some capabilities that macros do not have, such as being able to directly access the HTTP request.
     11Macro calls are enclosed in two ''square brackets'' `[[..]]`. Like Python functions, macros can also have arguments, a comma separated list within parentheses `[[..(,)]]`.
    1312
    14 === Example ===
     13=== Getting Detailed Help
    1514
    16 A list of 3 most recently changed wiki pages starting with 'Trac':
     15The list of available macros and the full help can be obtained using the !MacroList macro, as seen [#AvailableMacros below].
    1716
    18 {{{
    19  [[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]
     17A brief list can be obtained via `[[MacroList(*)]]` or `[[?]]`.
     18
     19Detailed help on a specific macro can be obtained by passing it as an argument to !MacroList, e.g. `[[MacroList(MacroList)]]`, or, more conveniently, by appending a question mark (`?`) to the macro's name, like in `[[MacroList?]]`.
     20
     21=== Example
     22
     23A list of the 3 most recently changed wiki pages starting with 'Trac':
     24
     25||= Wiki Markup =||= Display =||
     26{{{#!td
     27  {{{
     28  [[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]
     29  }}}
     30}}}
     31{{{#!td style="padding-left: 2em;"
     32[[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]
     33}}}
     34|-----------------------------------
     35{{{#!td
     36  {{{
     37  [[RecentChanges?(Trac,3)]]
     38  }}}
     39}}}
     40{{{#!td style="padding-left: 2em;"
     41[[RecentChanges?(Trac,3)]]
     42}}}
     43|-----------------------------------
     44{{{#!td
     45  {{{
     46  [[?]]
     47  }}}
     48}}}
     49{{{#!td style="padding-left: 2em"
     50{{{#!html
     51<div style="font-size: 80%" class="trac-macrolist">
     52<h3><code>[[Image]]</code></h3>Embed an image in wiki-formatted text.
     53
     54The first argument is the file …
     55<h3><code>[[InterTrac]]</code></h3>Provide a list of known <a class="wiki" href="/wiki/InterTrac">InterTrac</a> prefixes.
     56<h3><code>[[InterWiki]]</code></h3>Provide a description list for the known <a class="wiki" href="/wiki/InterWiki">InterWiki</a> prefixes.
     57<h3><code>[[KnownMimeTypes]]</code></h3>List all known mime-types which can be used as <a class="wiki" href="/wiki/WikiProcessors">WikiProcessors</a>.
     58Can be …</div>
     59}}}
     60etc.
    2061}}}
    2162
    22 Display:
    23  [[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]
    24 
    25 == Available Macros ==
     63== Available Macros
    2664
    2765''Note that the following list will only contain the macro documentation if you've not enabled `-OO` optimizations, or not set the `PythonOptimize` option for [wiki:TracModPython mod_python].''
    … …  
    2967[[MacroList]]
    3068
    31 == Macros from around the world ==
     69== Macros from around the world
    3270
    33 The [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks] site provides a wide collection of macros and other Trac [TracPlugins plugins] contributed by the Trac community. If you're looking for new macros, or have written one that you'd like to share with the world, please don't hesitate to visit that site.
     71The [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks] site provides a wide collection of macros and other Trac [TracPlugins plugins] contributed by the Trac community. If you are looking for new macros, or have written one that you would like to share with the world, don't hesitate to visit that site.
    3472
    35 == Developing Custom Macros ==
    36 Macros, like Trac itself, are written in the [http://python.org/ Python programming language].
     73== Developing Custom Macros
     74
     75Macros, like Trac itself, are written in the [http://python.org/ Python programming language] and are developed as part of TracPlugins.
    3776
    3877For more information about developing macros, see the [trac:TracDev development resources] on the main project site.
    3978
     79Here are 2 simple examples showing how to create a Macro. Also, have a look at [trac:source:tags/trac-1.0.2/sample-plugins/Timestamp.py Timestamp.py] for an example that shows the difference between old style and new style macros and at the [trac:source:tags/trac-0.11/wiki-macros/README macros/README] which provides a little more insight about the transition.
    4080
    41 == Implementation ==
     81=== Macro without arguments
    4282
    43 Here are 2 simple examples showing how to create a Macro with Trac 0.11.
    44 
    45 Also, have a look at [trac:source:tags/trac-0.11/sample-plugins/Timestamp.py Timestamp.py] for an example that shows the difference between old style and new style macros and at the [trac:source:tags/trac-0.11/wiki-macros/README macros/README] which provides a little more insight about the transition.
    46 
    47 === Macro without arguments ===
    48 It should be saved as `TimeStamp.py` (in the TracEnvironment's `plugins/` directory) as Trac will use the module name as the Macro name.
     83To test the following code, you should saved it in a `timestamp_sample.py` file located in the TracEnvironment's `plugins/` directory.
    4984{{{
    5085#!python
    … …  
    6398    url = "$URL$"
    6499
    65     def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, args):
     100    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text):
    66101        t = datetime.now(utc)
    67         return tag.b(format_datetime(t, '%c'))
     102        return tag.strong(format_datetime(t, '%c'))
    68103}}}
    69104
    70 === Macro with arguments ===
    71 It should be saved as `HelloWorld.py` (in the TracEnvironment's `plugins/` directory) as Trac will use the module name as the Macro name.
     105=== Macro with arguments
     106
     107To test the following code, you should save it in a `helloworld_sample.py` file located in the TracEnvironment's `plugins/` directory.
    72108{{{
    73109#!python
     110from genshi.core import Markup
     111
    74112from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase
    75113
    … …  
    89127    url = "$URL$"
    90128
    91     def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, args):
     129    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text, args):
    92130        """Return some output that will be displayed in the Wiki content.
    93131
    94132        `name` is the actual name of the macro (no surprise, here it'll be
    95133        `'HelloWorld'`),
    96         `args` is the text enclosed in parenthesis at the call of the macro.
     134        `text` is the text enclosed in parenthesis at the call of the macro.
    97135          Note that if there are ''no'' parenthesis (like in, e.g.
    98           [[HelloWorld]]), then `args` is `None`.
     136          [[HelloWorld]]), then `text` is `None`.
     137        `args` are the arguments passed when HelloWorld is called using a
     138        `#!HelloWorld` code block.
    99139        """
    100         return 'Hello World, args = ' + unicode(args)
    101    
    102     # Note that there's no need to HTML escape the returned data,
    103     # as the template engine (Genshi) will do it for us.
     140        return 'Hello World, text = %s, args = %s' % \
     141            (Markup.escape(text), Markup.escape(repr(args)))
     142
    104143}}}
    105144
     145Note that `expand_macro` optionally takes a 4^th^ parameter ''`args`''. When the macro is called as a [WikiProcessors WikiProcessor], it's also possible to pass `key=value` [WikiProcessors#UsingProcessors processor parameters]. If given, those are stored in a dictionary and passed in this extra `args` parameter. On the contrary, when called as a macro, `args` is  `None`. (''since 0.12'').
    106146
    107 === {{{expand_macro}}} details ===
    108 {{{expand_macro}}} should return either a simple Python string which will be interpreted as HTML, or preferably a Markup object (use {{{from trac.util.html import Markup}}}).  {{{Markup(string)}}} just annotates the string so the renderer will render the HTML string as-is with no escaping. You will also need to import Formatter using {{{from trac.wiki import Formatter}}}.
     147For example, when writing:
     148{{{
     149{{{#!HelloWorld style="polite" -silent verbose
     150<Hello World!>
     151}}}
    109152
    110 If your macro creates wiki markup instead of HTML, you can convert it to HTML like this:
     153{{{#!HelloWorld
     154<Hello World!>
     155}}}
     156
     157[[HelloWorld(<Hello World!>)]]
     158}}}
     159One should get:
     160{{{
     161Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = {'style': u'polite', 'silent': False, 'verbose': True}
     162Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = {}
     163Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = None
     164}}}
     165
     166Note that the return value of `expand_macro` is '''not''' HTML escaped. Depending on the expected result, you should escape it by yourself (using `return Markup.escape(result)`) or, if this is indeed HTML, wrap it in a Markup object (`return Markup(result)`) with `Markup` coming from Genshi, (`from genshi.core import Markup`). 
     167
     168You can also recursively use a wiki Formatter (`from trac.wiki import Formatter`) to process the `text` as wiki markup:
    111169
    112170{{{
    113171#!python
    114   text = "whatever wiki markup you want, even containing other macros"
    115   # Convert Wiki markup to HTML, new style
    116   out = StringIO()
    117   Formatter(self.env, formatter.context).format(text, out)
    118   return Markup(out.getvalue())
     172from genshi.core import Markup
     173from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase
     174from trac.wiki import Formatter
     175import StringIO
     176
     177class HelloWorldMacro(WikiMacroBase):
     178        def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text, args):
     179                text = "whatever '''wiki''' markup you want, even containing other macros"
     180                # Convert Wiki markup to HTML, new style
     181                out = StringIO.StringIO()
     182                Formatter(self.env, formatter.context).format(text, out)
     183                return Markup(out.getvalue())
    119184}}}