#4290 closed defect (fixed)
bug in Postgis geodetic code impacting distance calculation with geography multipolygon
| Reported by: | dmkaplan2000 | Owned by: | pramsey |
|---|---|---|---|
| Priority: | medium | Milestone: | PostGIS 2.5.2 |
| Component: | postgis | Version: | 2.4.x |
| Keywords: | Cc: |
Description
I have found a bizarre bug in PostGIS when doing geography-based distance calculations using ST_Distance when one of the two polygons is a multipolygon. Under certain cases, ST_Distance(geography(Polygon,4326),geography(MultiPolygon,4326)) returns 0 (zero) when the true answer is not zero.
The table data for a set of polygons that generate the error can be downloaded here:
http://www.davidmkaplan.fr/bad_geography_dist_calcs.csv
Once you have that data, the code to generate the error is:
CREATE TEMP TABLE tt (gid int PRIMARY KEY, geom geometry);
\copy tt FROM 'bad_geography_dist_calcs.csv' WITH (FORMAT 'csv',HEADER TRUE)
-- Incorrect dist_geography and dist_geography_tree for t1.gid=1 and t2.gid=3 SELECT t1.gid AS gid1, t2.gid AS gid2,
ST_Distance(t1.geom,t2.geom) AS dist_lonlat, ST_Distance(ST_Transform(t1.geom,26918),
ST_Transform(t2.geom,26918)) AS dist_utm,
ST_Distance(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography, _ST_DistanceTree(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_tree, _ST_DistanceUncached(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_uncached, ST_Distance((ST_Dump(t1.geom)).geom::geography,(ST_Dump(t2.geom)).geom::geography) AS dist_geography_dump
FROM tt t1 JOIN tt t2 ON t1.gid<t2.gid WHERE t1.gid=1 ;
-- No error for postgis 2.4.3, but error for 2.5.0 SELECT t1.gid AS gid1, t2.gid AS gid2,
ST_Distance(t1.geom,t2.geom) AS dist_lonlat, ST_Distance(ST_Transform(t1.geom,26918),
ST_Transform(t2.geom,26918)) AS dist_utm,
ST_Distance(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography, _ST_DistanceTree(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_tree, _ST_DistanceUncached(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_uncached, ST_Distance((ST_Dump(t1.geom)).geom::geography,(ST_Dump(t2.geom)).geom::geography) AS dist_geography_dump
FROM tt t1 JOIN tt t2 ON t1.gid<t2.gid WHERE t1.gid=1 AND t2.gid=3 ;
The specifics of my installation are:
POSTGIS="2.4.3 r16312" PGSQL="100" GEOS="3.7.0-CAPI-1.11.0 673b9939" PROJ="Rel. 4.9.3, 15 August 2016" GDAL="GDAL 2.3.2, released 2018/09/21" LIBXML="2.9.4" LIBJSON="0.12.1" LIBPROTOBUF="1.2.1" RASTER
psql 10.6 (Ubuntu 10.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1))
Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS
I have also tested this with postgis 2.5.0 r16836 and there the incorrect 0 is in both queries.
Attachments (1)
Change History (14)
by , 6 years ago
| Attachment: | bad_geography_dist_calcs.csv added |
|---|
comment:1 by , 6 years ago
More readable code for error:
CREATE TEMP TABLE tt (gid int PRIMARY KEY, geom geometry);
\copy tt FROM 'bad_geography_dist_calcs.csv' WITH (FORMAT 'csv',HEADER TRUE)
-- Incorrect dist_geography and dist_geography_tree for t1.gid=1 and t2.gid=3
SELECT t1.gid AS gid1, t2.gid AS gid2,
ST_Distance(t1.geom,t2.geom) AS dist_lonlat,
ST_Distance(ST_Transform(t1.geom,26918),
ST_Transform(t2.geom,26918)) AS dist_utm,
ST_Distance(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography,
_ST_DistanceTree(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_tree,
_ST_DistanceUncached(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_uncached,
ST_Distance((ST_Dump(t1.geom)).geom::geography,(ST_Dump(t2.geom)).geom::geography) AS dist_geography_dump
FROM tt t1 JOIN tt t2 ON t1.gid<t2.gid
WHERE t1.gid=1
;
-- No error for postgis 2.4.3, but error for 2.5.0
SELECT t1.gid AS gid1, t2.gid AS gid2,
ST_Distance(t1.geom,t2.geom) AS dist_lonlat,
ST_Distance(ST_Transform(t1.geom,26918),
ST_Transform(t2.geom,26918)) AS dist_utm,
ST_Distance(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography,
_ST_DistanceTree(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_tree,
_ST_DistanceUncached(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_uncached,
ST_Distance((ST_Dump(t1.geom)).geom::geography,(ST_Dump(t2.geom)).geom::geography) AS dist_geography_dump
FROM tt t1 JOIN tt t2 ON t1.gid<t2.gid
WHERE t1.gid=1 AND t2.gid=3
;
comment:2 by , 6 years ago
Test that ignores cache code line and exposes that the problem is for MULTIPOLYGON in the tree distance code line
SELECT t1.gid AS gid1, t2.gid AS gid2,
ST_Distance(t1.geom,t2.geom) AS dist_lonlat,
ST_Distance(ST_Transform(t1.geom,26918),
ST_Transform(t2.geom,26918)) AS dist_utm,
_ST_DistanceTree(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_tree,
_ST_DistanceUncached(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_uncached,
_ST_DistanceTree(ST_GeometryN(t1.geom,1), ST_GeometryN(t2.geom,1)) AS dist_geography_tree_simple,
_ST_DistanceUncached(ST_GeometryN(t1.geom,1), ST_GeometryN(t2.geom,1)) AS dist_geography_uncached_simple
FROM tt t1, tt t2
WHERE t1.gid=1 AND t2.gid=3;
comment:3 by , 6 years ago
Trying to strip out as much non-essential stuff, still getting the same result, which would be fine, except...
INSERT INTO tt (gid, geom) SELECT 4 as gid, ST_GeometryN(geom, 1) as geom FROM tt;
SELECT t1.gid AS gid1, t2.gid AS gid2,
ST_Distance(t1.geom,t2.geom) AS dist_lonlat,
ST_Distance(ST_Transform(t1.geom,26918),
ST_Transform(t2.geom,26918)) AS dist_utm,
_ST_DistanceTree(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom) AS dist_geography_tree,
_ST_DistanceUncached(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_uncached
FROM tt t1, tt t2
WHERE t1.gid=1 AND t2.gid in (3,4);
... when I build this test in cunit in liblwgeom, *both* the multi-polygon and polygon cases return the wrong answer. Now, on the one hand that points to either a precision problem or possibly a problem generating the "outside point" for this polygon. On the other hand, it's very very odd that the database and cunit results differ. This is using hexwkb, etc, to get fidelity on the coordinates.
static void test_tree_circ_distance_4290(void)
{
LWGEOM *lwg1, *lwg2;
CIRC_NODE *c1, *c2;
SPHEROID s;
double d1;
double threshold = 0.0;
/* MULTIPOLYGON */
// const char *wkb1 = 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/* POLYGON */
const char *wkb1 = 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
const char *wkb2 = "0103000020E610000001000000080000002CAFE119EF2F53C02D6D4097DFBE42400050FBE7F32F53C05A08B32BD9BE42402ED0C3E9E52F53C0132FFFAE9DBE424048885052FE2F53C0DE5D06256BBE42409534CFEF163053C07D170F98ADBE42402E72095F303053C025ECD50CEABE424059CE3A7C103053C0235393C114BF42402CAFE119EF2F53C02D6D4097DFBE4240";
spheroid_init(&s, WGS84_MAJOR_AXIS, WGS84_MINOR_AXIS);
lwg1 = lwgeom_from_hexwkb(wkb1, LW_PARSER_CHECK_NONE);
lwg2 = lwgeom_from_hexwkb(wkb2, LW_PARSER_CHECK_NONE);
c1 = lwgeom_calculate_circ_tree(lwg1);
c2 = lwgeom_calculate_circ_tree(lwg2);
d1 = circ_tree_distance_tree(c1, c2, &s, threshold);
printf("d1 = %g\n", d1);
CU_ASSERT_DOUBLE_EQUAL(d1, 0.0, threshold);
}
comment:4 by , 6 years ago
dmkaplan2000,
I think I may have misunderstood your comment.
Did you say it works fine in 2.4.3 but not 2.5.0.
I've tested on 2.4.3, 2.4.4, and 2.5.2 and get the wrong 0 answer in all of them.
comment:5 by , 6 years ago
ah nevermind I see what you mean I was looking at the wrong query.
For completeness: -- this query
SELECT t1.gid AS gid1, t2.gid AS gid2,
ST_Distance(t1.geom,t2.geom) AS dist_lonlat,
ST_Distance(ST_Transform(t1.geom,26918),
ST_Transform(t2.geom,26918)) AS dist_utm,
ST_Distance(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography,
_ST_DistanceTree(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_tree,
_ST_DistanceUncached(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_uncached,
_ST_DistanceTree(ST_GeometryN(t1.geom,1), ST_GeometryN(t2.geom,1)) AS dist_geography_tree_simple,
_ST_DistanceUncached(ST_GeometryN(t1.geom,1), ST_GeometryN(t2.geom,1)) AS dist_geography_uncached_simple
FROM tt t1, tt t2
WHERE t1.gid=1 AND t2.gid=3;
On POSTGIS="2.4.3 r16312" PGSQL="100" GEOS="3.6.2-CAPI-1.10.2 4d2925d" PROJ="Rel. 4.9.3, 15 August 2016" GDAL="GDAL 2.2.4, released 2018/03/19" LIBXML="2.7.8" LIBJSON="0.12" LIBPROTOBUF="1.2.1" RASTER I get
gid1 | gid2 | dist_lonlat | dist_utm | dist_geography | dist_geography_tree | dist_geography_uncached | dist_geography_tree_simple | dist_geography_uncached_simple
------+------+-------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+-------------------------+----------------------------+--------------------------------
1 | 3 | 0.185028680023504 | 18357.3813638682 | 18358.86600725 | 0 | 18358.8660072466 | 18358.8660072466 | 18358.8660072466
(1 row)
But on 2.5.1 and 2.4.4 {{{ postgis_full_version
POSTGIS="2.5.1 r17027" [EXTENSION] PGSQL="110" GEOS="3.7.0-CAPI-1.11.0 3.7.1" PROJ="Rel. 4.9.3, 15 August 2016" GDAL="GDAL 2.2.4, released 2018/03/19" LIBXML="2.7.8" LIBJSON="0.12" LIBPROTOBUF="1.2.1" (
(1 row) }}}
I get:
gid1 | gid2 | dist_lonlat | dist_utm | dist_geography | dist_geography_tree | dist_geography_uncached | dist_geography_tree_simple | dist_geography_uncached_simple
------+------+-------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+-------------------------+----------------------------+--------------------------------
1 | 3 | 0.185028680023504 | 18357.3813638682 | 0 | 0 | 18358.8660072466 | 18358.8660072466 | 18358.8660072466
(1 row)
comment:6 by , 6 years ago
The one I was originally looking at why I was confused is this query in which they are both wrong though the t1.gid= 1 and t2.gid = 3 is a subset so you'd expect 2.4.3 install to be consistently right or wrong about the same inputs unless it's using cached geometry.
SELECT t1.gid AS gid1, t2.gid AS gid2,
ST_Distance(t1.geom,t2.geom) AS dist_lonlat,
ST_Distance(ST_Transform(t1.geom,26918),
ST_Transform(t2.geom,26918)) AS dist_utm,
ST_Distance(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography,
_ST_DistanceTree(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_tree,
_ST_DistanceUncached(t1.geom::geography,t2.geom::geography) AS dist_geography_uncached,
ST_Distance((ST_Dump(t1.geom)).geom::geography,(ST_Dump(t2.geom)).geom::geography) AS dist_geography_dump
FROM tt t1 JOIN tt t2 ON t1.gid<t2.gid
WHERE t1.gid=1;
So I think that second failure might be something else as I recall we have another ticket somewhere about this second case with sets.
gid1 | gid2 | dist_lonlat | dist_utm | dist_geography | dist_geography_tree | dist_geography_uncached | dist_geography_dump
------+------+-------------------+------------------+-----------------+---------------------+-------------------------+---------------------
1 | 2 | 1.85730161336142 | 204442.260208712 | 204476.98155351 | 204476.981553506 | 204476.981553506 | 204476.98155351
1 | 3 | 0.185028680023504 | 18357.3813638682 | 0 | 0 | 18358.8660072466 | 18358.86600725
(2 rows)
comment:10 by , 6 years ago
| Resolution: | → fixed |
|---|---|
| Status: | new → closed |
comment:11 by , 6 years ago
Thanks, fixing this bug allowed me to revisit some very core logic in geographic edge handling which should hopefully make many things more reliable going forward.
comment:12 by , 6 years ago
Looks like this may have been a duplicate of #3448 (test case in that ticket now also works). That ticket was closed during FOSS4G Boston, thought I wonder if it was accidental.
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Table data for polygons demonstrating error.